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perlcheat.pod

=head1 NAME

perlcheat - Perl 5 Cheat Sheet

=head1 DESCRIPTION

This 'cheat sheet' is a handy reference, meant for beginning Perl
programmers. Not everything is mentioned, but 195 features may
already be overwhelming.

=head2 The sheet

CONTEXTS  SIGILS  ref        ARRAYS        HASHES
  void      $scalar SCALAR     @array        %hash
  scalar    @array  ARRAY      @array[0, 2]  @hash{'a', 'b'}
  list      %hash   HASH       $array[0]     $hash{'a'}
            &sub    CODE
            *glob   GLOB       SCALAR VALUES
                    FORMAT     number, string, ref, glob, undef
  REFERENCES
  \      reference       $$foo[1]       aka $foo->[1]
  $@%&*  dereference     $$foo{bar}     aka $foo->{bar}
  []     anon. arrayref  ${$$foo[1]}[2] aka $foo->[1]->[2]
  {}     anon. hashref   ${$$foo[1]}[2] aka $foo->[1][2]
  \()    list of refs
                         NUMBERS vs STRINGS    LINKS
  OPERATOR PRECEDENCE    =          =          perldoc.perl.org
  ->                     +          .           search.cpan.org
  ++ --                  == !=      eq ne              cpan.org
  **                     < > <= >=  lt gt le ge          pm.org
  ! ~ \ u+ u-            <=>        cmp                p3rl.org
  =~ !~                                           perlmonks.org
  * / % x                SYNTAX
  + - .                  foreach (LIST) { }     for (a;b;c) { }
  << >>                  while   (e) { }        until (e)   { }
  named uops             if      (e) { } elsif (e) { } else { }
  < > <= >= lt gt le ge  unless  (e) { } elsif (e) { } else { }
  == != <=> eq ne cmp ~~ given   (e) { when (e) {} default {} }
  &
  | ^             REGEX METACHARS          REGEX MODIFIERS
  &&              ^      string begin      /i case insensitive
  || //           $      str end (bfr \n)  /m line based ^$
  .. ...          +      one or more       /s . includes \n
  ?:              *      zero or more      /x ignore wh.space
  = += -= *= etc  ?      zero or one       /p preserve
  , =>            {3,7}  repeat in range   /a ASCII    /aa safe
  list ops        |      alternation       /l locale   /d  dual
  not             []     character class   /u Unicode
  and             \b     word boundary     /e evaluate /ee rpts
  or xor          \z     string end        /g global
                  ()     capture           /o compile pat once
  DEBUG           (?:p)  no capture
   -MO=Deparse    (?#t)  comment           REGEX CHARCLASSES
   -MO=Terse      (?=p)  ZW pos ahead      .   [^\n]
   -D##           (?!p)  ZW neg ahead      \s  whitespace
   -d:Trace       (?<=p) ZW pos behind \K  \w  word chars
                  (?<!p) ZW neg behind     \d  digits
  CONFIGURATION   (?>p)  no backtrack      \pP named property
  perl -V:ivsize  (?|p|p)branch reset      \h  horiz.wh.space
                  (?&NM) cap to name       \R  linebreak
                                           \S \W \D \H negate
  FUNCTION RETURN LISTS
  stat      localtime    caller         SPECIAL VARIABLES
   0 dev    0 second      0 package     $_    default variable
   1 ino    1 minute      1 filename    $0    program name
   2 mode   2 hour        2 line        $/    input separator
   3 nlink  3 day         3 subroutine  $\    output separator
   4 uid    4 month-1     4 hasargs     $|    autoflush
   5 gid    5 year-1900   5 wantarray   $!    sys/libcall error
   6 rdev   6 weekday     6 evaltext    $@    eval error
   7 size   7 yearday     7 is_require  $$    process ID
   8 atime  8 is_dst      8 hints       $.    line number
   9 mtime                9 bitmask     @ARGV command line args
  10 ctime               10 hinthash    @INC  include paths
  11 blksz               3..10 only     @_    subroutine args
  12 blcks               with EXPR      %ENV  environment

=head1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The first version of this document appeared on Perl Monks, where several
people had useful suggestions. Thank you, Perl Monks.

A special thanks to Damian Conway, who didn't only suggest important changes,
but also took the time to count the number of listed features and make a
Perl 6 version to show that Perl will stay Perl.

=head1 AUTHOR

Juerd Waalboer <#####@juerd.nl>, with the help of many Perl Monks.

=head1 SEE ALSO

=over 4

=item *

L<http://perlmonks.org/?node_id=216602> - the original PM post

=item *

L<http://perlmonks.org/?node_id=238031> - Damian Conway's Perl 6 version

=item *

L<http://juerd.nl/site.plp/perlcheat> - home of the Perl Cheat Sheet

=back

docroot: C:\xampp\hwsoft

curdir: C:\xampp\perl\lib\pods

	.	49152
	..	40960
X	a2p.pod	6105
X	perl.pod	15799
X	perl5004delta.pod	56239
X	perl5005delta.pod	34284
X	perl5100delta.pod	54695
X	perl5101delta.pod	43887
X	perl5120delta.pod	89286
X	perl5121delta.pod	10143
X	perl5124delta.pod	3672
X	perl5140delta.pod	144324
X	perl5141delta.pod	7966
X	perl5143delta.pod	7760
X	perl5160delta.pod	133652
X	perl5161delta.pod	6142
X	perl5162delta.pod	3594
X	perl5163delta.pod	4081
X	perl561delta.pod	124709
X	perl56delta.pod	107197
X	perl581delta.pod	38060
X	perl583delta.pod	6335
X	perl585delta.pod	5889
X	perl586delta.pod	4651
X	perl588delta.pod	25272
X	perl589delta.pod	53900
X	perlaix.pod	19218
X	perlamiga.pod	7034
X	perlapi.pod	335971
X	perlapio.pod	19331
X	perlartistic.pod	7010
X	perlbeos.pod	2936
X	perlbook.pod	7365
X	perlboot.pod	183
X	perlbot.pod	182
X	perlcall.pod	55323
X	perlce.pod	8932
X	perlcheat.pod	4500
X	perlclib.pod	7684
X	perlcn.pod	4070
X	perlcommunity.pod	6444
X	perlcygwin.pod	27822
X	perldata.pod	37203
X	perldbmfilter.pod	4980
X	perldebguts.pod	37672
X	perldebtut.pod	21285
X	perldelta.pod	4081
X	perldgux.pod	2820
X	perldiag.pod	212806
X	perldoc.pod	8204
X	perldos.pod	10522
X	perldsc.pod	25433
X	perldtrace.pod	6358
X	perlembed.pod	36054
X	perlepoc.pod	3658
X	perlexperiment.pod	4959
X	perlfaq2.pod	9501
X	perlfaq3.pod	38363
X	perlfaq4.pod	89490
X	perlfaq5.pod	55412
X	perlfaq6.pod	39592
X	perlfaq7.pod	37224
X	perlfaq8.pod	49438
X	perlfaq9.pod	15062
X	perlfilter.pod	21052
X	perlfork.pod	13089
X	perlform.pod	16678
X	perlfreebsd.pod	1591
X	perlfunc.pod	346554
X	perlgit.pod	30469
X	perlglossary.pod	113311
X	perlgpl.pod	13862
X	perlguts.pod	114344
X	perlhacktut.pod	6214
X	perlhaiku.pod	1504
X	perlhist.pod	44351
X	perlhurd.pod	1987
X	perlintern.pod	45832
X	perlinterp.pod	30722
X	perlintro.pod	22615
X	perliol.pod	33820
X	perlipc.pod	71849
X	perlirix.pod	4394
X	perljp.pod	6612
X	perlko.pod	6222
X	perllexwarn.pod	14963
X	perllinux.pod	1488
X	perllol.pod	11197
X	perlmacosx.pod	10649
X	perlmod.pod	24618
X	perlmodinstall.pod	12710
X	perlmodlib.pod	84104
X	perlmodstyle.pod	21255
X	perlmpeix.pod	14578
X	perlmroapi.pod	3203
X	perlnetware.pod	6500
X	perlnewmod.pod	11215
X	perlnumber.pod	8352
X	perlobj.pod	34461
X	perlootut.pod	26219
X	perlop.pod	124653
X	perlopenbsd.pod	1204
X	perlopentut.pod	38434
X	perlos2.pod	92706
X	perlos390.pod	15565
X	perlos400.pod	4621
X	perlpacktut.pod	51030
X	perlperf.pod	51249
X	perlpod.pod	21780
X	perlpodspec.pod	67792
X	perlpolicy.pod	20199
X	perlport.pod	84618
X	perlpragma.pod	5228
X	perlqnx.pod	4244
X	perlre.pod	103179
X	perlrebackslash.pod	26259
X	perlrecharclass.pod	35008
X	perlref.pod	28999
X	perlreftut.pod	18670
X	perlreguts.pod	36859
X	perlrequick.pod	17919
X	perlreref.pod	14531
X	perlriscos.pod	1529
X	perlrun.pod	50765
X	perlsec.pod	23314
X	perlsolaris.pod	29317
X	perlsource.pod	6343
X	perlstyle.pod	8618
X	perlsub.pod	56477
X	perlsymbian.pod	15810
X	perlsyn.pod	42029
X	perlthrtut.pod	46491
X	perltie.pod	37908
X	perltoc.pod	658189
X	perltooc.pod	183
X	perltoot.pod	183
X	perltrap.pod	41248
X	perltru64.pod	7733
X	perltw.pod	5275
X	perlunicode.pod	72592
X	perlunifaq.pod	13634
X	perluniintro.pod	36294
X	perlunitut.pod	7942
X	perlutil.pod	9911
X	perluts.pod	3180
X	perlvar.pod	70849
X	perlvmesa.pod	3974
X	perlvos.pod	5963
X	perlwin32.pod	35411
X	perlxs.pod	73383
X	perlxstut.pod	49681
X	perlxstypemap.pod	23517